Fundamentals of College Chemistry is an introduction to the chemistry discipline. It is an indispensable public basic course for most engineering majors in universities, and it is also a necessary basic course for all-round education in high engineering education. It describes the scientific facts of chemistry and explanations of theoretical chemistry, which interspersed with each other. It concisely explain the most basic concepts, theoretical principles and methods in the current chemistry discipline. Students' chemistry literacy and chemical thinking are cultivated effectively. It provides students with the necessary and basic chemistry knowledge and skills for subsequent professional courses.
As a basic natural science course for non-chemistry and chemical engineering majors, its audience is very wide, and the target audience varies greatly. It is necessary to continuously reform and innovate content and teaching methods, which is beneficial to undergraduate innovation ability and independent learning ability,and meets the needs of undergraduate individualized learning.
It is the demand of time for scientific construct of a new teaching model for general chemistry in engineering colleges, promoting the overall improvement of students' abilities, and integration, optimization, and innovation of the basic curriculum system for new engineering qualified personnel training.
1.By studying the basic knowledge of material structure foundation, thermochemistry and
energy, basic principles of chemical reaction, aqueous solution chemistry, electrochemistry and metal corrosion, basic knowledge closely related to engineering practice, et al.u ndergraduates can understand the basic theory and framework of modern chemistry.
2.By improving the knowledge system, undergraduates can use chemical theories, viewpoints and methods to analyze and solve chemical problems involved in life, production and scientific research.
3.With the penetration of dialectical materialism philosophy, undergraduates can cultivate creative thinking and critical thinking.
0. Introduction
0.1 Introduction of chemistry
0.2 Introduction of general chemistry
1. Chemical Thermodynamics
1.1The Terminology and Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics
1.1.1 System and Surroundings, Phase
1.1.2 State functions, Processes and Paths
1.1.3 Stoichiometric Coefficient and Extent of Reaction
1.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
1.3 The Thermal Effect of Chemical Reactions
1.3.1 The Heat of Reaction at Constant Volume
1.3.2 The Heat of Reaction at Constant Pressure
1.3.3 Standard States and Thermochemical Equations
1.4 The Calculation of Reaction Heat
1.4.1 Hess’s Law
1.4.2 Theoretical Calculation of Heat of Reaction
1.5 Enthalpy Entropy and Gibbs Free Energy
1.5.1 Spontaneous Processes and Enthalpy Changes
1.5.2 Spontaneous Processes and Entropy Changes
1.5.3 Gibbs Free Energy
1.5.4 Calculation of Gibbs Free Energy
1.6 Chemical Equilibrium
1.6.1 Chemical Equilibrium
1.6.2 The Equilibrium Constant
1.6.3 Equilibrium Constant and Standard Free Energy Change
1.6.4 Predicting the Direction of Reaction by Reaction Quotient
1.6.5 Calculating the Composition of an Equilibrium Mixture
1.6.6 Effect of Concentration and Pressure on Shift of Equilibrium
1.6.7 Effect of Temperature on Shift of Equilibrium
Chapter test
2. Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics
2.1 Reaction rate
2.2 Concentration and rate laws
2.2.1 Rate laws
2.2.2 Elementary reactions and multistep reactions
2.2.3 The Change of Concentraation with Time
2.3 Arrhenius Equation
2.4 Reaction rate theory
2.4.1 Collision theory
2.4.2 Transition state theory
2.5 Catalyst and catalysis
Chapter test
3. Chemical basis of aqueous solution
3.1 Concentrations of solutions and solubility of a substance
3.2 Colligative properties of solutions
3.2.1 Vapor-pressure lowering
3.2.2 Boiling-point elevation and freezing-point depression
3.2.3 Osmosis
3.3 Dissociation equilibrium
3.3.1 Dissociation equilibrium of weak electrolytes
3.3.2 Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases theory
3.3.3 Dissociation equilibrium of monobasic weak acid and base
3.3.4 Dissociation equilibrium of polyprotic weak acids
3.4 Buffer solution
3.4.1 basic principles of buffered solution
3.4.2 Designing and calucating the pH of a buffer
3.5 Coordination compound
3.5.1 The structure of the coordination compound
3.5.2 The nomenclature of the coordination compound
3.5.3 dissociation equilibriumof coordination compound
3.6 Formation and dissolution of precipitation
3.6.1 Solubility product of insoluble electrolyte
3.6.2 Solubility product rule, common-ion effect and salt effect
3.6.3 selective precipitation and precipitation transformation
3.7 Colloids
Chapter test
4. Electrochemical basis
4.1 Electrochemical cell
4.1.1 Galvanic cell
4.1.2 How to write a galvanic cell
4.2 Electrode potential
4.2.1 Standard reduction potential
4.2.2 The thermodynamics of galvanic cell
4.2.3 Nernst Equation
4.2.4 Factors of reduction potential
4.3 Application of electrode potential
4.3.1 application of reduction potential 1
4.3.2 application of reduction potential 2
4.3.3 application of reduction potential 3
4.3.4 application of reduction potential 4
4.4 Introduction of electrolytic reaction
4.4.1 Electrolysis
4.4.2 electrode polarization and overpotential
4.4.3 Electrolytic products at the electrodes
4.5 Introduction of corrosion
4.5.1 Corrosion
4.5.2 Preventing corrosion of metals
Chapter test
5. Basic structures of matter
5.1 Atomic structure
5.1.1 Development of classical atomic structure
5.1.2 Development of the quantization concept
5.1.3 Hydrogen atomic spectrum and Bohr model
5.1.4 Wave-particle duality of electrons
5.1.5 Schrödinger’s equation and wave function
5.1.6 Quantum numbers
5.2 Many-electron atomic structure
5.2.1 The energy level of a many-electron atom orbital
5.2.2 Electron configuration of many-electron atom
5.2.3 Atomic Electron Configurations and Periodic Law
5.2.4 Periodic Properties of Elements
5.3 Theory of chemical bonds
5.3.1 Concept and development of chemical bond
5.3.2 Valence-bond theory
5.3.3 Hybrid Orbitals
5.3.4 Hybrid orbital type
5.3.5 The VSEPR Model
5.3.6 Intermolecular Forces
5.4 Solid structure
5.4.1 Crystal structure
5.4.2 Metallic solids
5.4.3 Ionic Crystals
5.4.4 Molecular crystals and atomic crystals
5.4.5 Mixed crystals
Chapter test
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