2025春人体胚胎学（MBBS）_山东大学

SPOC学校专有课程

2025春人体胚胎学（MBBS）

开课时间： 2025年02月16日 ~ 2025年06月30日

学时安排： 3小时每周

当前开课已结束已有 22 人参加

老师已关闭该学期，无法查看

spContent=为满足全英文教学对慕课的需求，山东大学组织学与胚胎学系精心制作《人体胚胎学》全英文慕课，利用动画生动再现人体结构的胚胎发生过程；通过对临床畸形案例的分析，让学习者深刻理解先天畸形发生的机理。 Please follow our course to explore the normal and abnormal development of human embryo! 《Human Embryology》姊妹篇《Development Neurobiology》发育神经生物学全英文慕课已上线，请关注！ https://www.icourse163.org/course/SDU-1471158179?tid=1472691557

为满足全英文教学对慕课的需求，山东大学组织学与胚胎学系精心制作《人体胚胎学》全英文慕课，利用动画生动再现人体结构的胚胎发生过程；通过对临床畸形案例的分析，让学习者深刻理解先天畸形发生的机理。 Please follow our course to explore the normal and abnormal development of human embryo! 《Human Embryology》姊妹篇《Development Neurobiology》发育神经生物学全英文慕课已上线，请关注！ https://www.icourse163.org/course/SDU-1471158179?tid=1472691557

—— 课程团队

课程概述

The "Human Embryology" (人体胚胎学) is a science that studies the normal human development as well as birth defects in the maternal uterus.

Bridges the gap between prenatal development and obstetrics, perinatal medicine, pediatrics and clinical anatomy
Develops knowledge concerning the beginning of life and the changes occurring during prenatal development
Builds an understanding of the causes of variations in human structure
Illuminates clinically oriented anatomy and explains how normal and abnormal relations develop
Supports the research and application of stem cells for treatment of certain chronic diseases

Our better understanding of “Human Embryology” will result in new techniques for prenatal diagnosis and treatment, therapeutic procedures to circumvent problems with infertility, mechanisms to prevent birth defects and the leading cause of infant mortality.

Before starting this course, please read the learning guidance sheet carefully!

(Note: The criterion of course scoring in the learning guidance sheet is the scoring criterion for blend teaching of offline course. Please refer to certificate requirements for online course scoring criterion.)

人体胚胎学是研究人类个体发生与器官形成过程的科学，即从一个受精卵通过分裂增殖、细胞分化及形态发生与演变，形成具有特定形态的胎儿的科学。研究内容包括生殖细胞发生、胚胎发生、发育过程、发育机理；胎儿与母体的关系；畸形发生、畸形发生的可能原因及预防措施；人类生殖工程技术与胚胎发育的研究方法。

人体胚胎学课程的教学目的是使学生获得人体胚胎学基本理论和基本知识，以科学的观点理解生命的发生与演变，对于指导人类生育与优生具有极其重要的理论意义。在医学科学中，人体胚胎学与细胞生物学、生理学、遗传学、病理学等基础学科间都存在着内在联系，也为妇产科学、儿科学、男性学、生殖工程学等临床学科提供了必要的基础知识，更是计划生育与优生优育赖以发展的学科之一。

本课程围绕临床案例学习相关专业知识，培养学生应用理论知识分析解决实际问题的能力，并在专业课教学中融入生命教育，将思政教育理念传递给学生，培养学生珍爱生命的意识，加深对生命的理解和探究，引领学生探索奇妙的生命世界。本课程主要适用于临床医学五年制和长年制学生，同时兼顾预防医学、口腔医学、护理学等不同专业、不同学制学生以及在职的医疗卫生工作者和对人体生理感兴趣的人士。

开始本课程学习前，请仔细阅读导学单：

（注：导学单内的课程赋分标准为线上线下混合式教学课程的赋分体系，线上课程的赋分体系请参照证书要求。）

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授课目标

“Human Embryology” helps students understand

(1) how the gross and tissue-level morphologies that they have studied earlier are established during the development;

(2) what cellular behaviors normally contribute to such morphogenetic events;

(3) what molecular pathways work in the tissue-forming embryonic cells and how these pathways can participate in normal and pathological cellular behaviors of the adult cells;

(4) how developmental biological knowledge has been accumulated through utilizing a variety of non-human animal models;

(5) how pregnancy is diagnosed and monitored and what ethical issues we should bear in mind;

(6) how the understanding of embryological or developmental biological studies can contribute to regenerative medicine including clinical applications using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells.

成绩要求

为积极响应国家低碳环保政策， 2021年秋季学期开始，中国大学MOOC平台将取消纸质版的认证证书，仅提供电子版的认证证书服务，证书申请方式和流程不变。

电子版认证证书支持查询验证，可通过扫描证书上的二维码进行有效性查询，或者访问 https://www.icourse163.org/verify，通过证书编号进行查询。学生可在“个人中心-证书-查看证书”页面自行下载、打印电子版认证证书。

完成课程教学内容学习和考核，成绩达到课程考核标准的学生（每门课程的考核标准不同，详见课程内的评分标准），具备申请认证证书资格，可在证书申请开放期间（以申请页面显示的时间为准），完成在线付费申请。

认证证书申请注意事项：

1. 根据国家相关法律法规要求，认证证书申请时要求进行实名认证，请保证所提交的实名认证信息真实完整有效。

2. 完成实名认证并支付后，系统将自动生成并发送电子版认证证书。电子版认证证书生成后不支持退费。

课程大纲

Week 1 Introduction of Human Embryology

1.1 What is human embryology？

1.2 Brief history of embryology

1.3 Advances of modern embryology

1.4 What is teratology?

1.5 Papers about advances in Embryology

1.6 From Minamata Disease to environmental health studies

Week 2 Gametogenesis and fertilization

2.1 Spermatogenesis

2.2 Oogenesis

2.3 Fertilization

2.4 Mind map of Gametogenesis and fertilization

Test for week 2

Week 3 First week and second week of development: Cleavage to implantation

3.1 Clevage

3.2 Implantation

3.3 Supplementary: Embryonic stem cell

3.4 Mind map of general embryology

Test for week 3

Draw a mindmap about the literature of organoids

Week 4 Third to eighth week of development: Gastrulation and differentiation of trilaminar disc

4.5 Induction of the primitive streak

4.1 Gastrulation

4.2 Derivatives of ectoderm

4.3 Derivatives of mesoderm

4.4 Derivatives of endoderm

4.7 Supplementary：Teratogenesis associated with gastrulation

4.8 Mind map of gastrulation and differentiation of trilaminar disc

4.6 Neural induction

Test for week 4

Week 5 Fetal membrane and placenta

5.1 Fetal membrane-Amnion

5.2 Fetal membrane-Yolk sac and allantois

5.3 Fetal membrane-Chorion

5.4 Fetal membrane-Umbilical cord

5.5 Placenta

5.6 Twins

5.7 Supplementary: HIV and placental barrier

5.8 China's beloved baby doctor--Dr. Qiaozhi Lin (Teaching case for ideological and political education)

5.9 Mind map of fetal membrane and placenta

Test for week 5

Week 7 Development of the digestive and respiratory system

7.1 Development of primitive gut

7.2 Derivatives of forgut and clinical correlations

7.3 Derivatives of midgut and clinical correlations

7.4 Derivative of hindgut and clinical correlations

7.5 Development of respiratory system and clinical correlations

7.6 Mind map of development of digestive and respiratory system

7.6 Development of digestive glands and clinical correlations

Test for week 7

Week 6 Development of the head and neck

6.1 Development of branchial apparatus

6.2 Development of face and malformations

6.3 Development of palate and cleft palate

6.4 Lessons for drug safety and regulation: Thalidomide tragedy

6.5 Supplementary：Sonic Hodgehog and craniofacial development

Test for week 6

Week 8 Development of urogenital system

8.1 Primordium of urogenital system

8.2 Development of kidney and ureter and clinical correlations

8.3 Development of bladder and clinical correlations

8.4 Development of gonad and clinical correlations

8.5 Development of genital duct and clinical correlations

8.6 Supplementary: Germline stem cell （Xiaoli Zhang）

8.7 Supplementary: Sox9 and Sex determination（Jing Hao）

8.8 Mind map of development of urogenital system

Test for week 8

Week 9 Development of cardiovascular system

9.1 Establishment of primitive cardiovascular system

9.2 Partitioning of atrial septum and clinical correlations

9.3 Partitioning of ventrical septum and clinical correlations

9.4 Partitioning of truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis and clinical correlations

9.5 Fetal circulation and circulatory changes at birth

9.6 Supplementary: Advances in intrauterine intervention therapy

9.7 Mind map of development of cardiovascular system

Test for week 9

Appendix 1：Apoptosis/Autophagy and embryonic development

1-Introduction of apoptosis

2-Apoptosis and caspase

3-Function of apoptosis

4-Apoptosis and disease

5-Regulation of apoptosis

6-Signaling pathway of apoptosis

7-Detection methods of apoptosis

8-What is autophagy

9-Regulators of autophagy

10-Detection of autophagy

11-Prospect of autophagy

Appendix 2: The baby with three parents

The baby with three parents

Appendix 3: Genomic imprinting

Genomic imprinting

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预备知识

After learning about Gross Anatomy（人体解剖学）, Histology（组织学）, medical students or any students who are interested in reproductive mecidine and human development take this "Human Embryology”course to study how human organs are formed and what malformations may occur in each organ during development.

参考资料

T. W. Sadler: Langman's Medical Embryology (Fourteenth Edition) (Japanese, M. Yasuda Ed.), Medical Science International.
W. J. Larsen: Human Embryology 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone.
K. L. Moore and T. V. N. Persaud:The Developing Human 6th Edition (Japanese, H. Seguchi Ed.), W. B. Saunders.
Embryology (Board review series, sixth edition), Wolters Kluwer
组织学与胚胎学（八年制教材，第一版，郭雨霁参编），人民卫生出版社，2005
奈特氏人体胚胎学彩色图谱（郭雨霁参译），人民卫生出版社，2004
组织学与胚胎学（英文版，郭雨霁参编），科学出版社，2014
生殖医学技术及其彩色图谱（郭雨霁参编），山东省科学技术出版社，2004

常见问题

声明：

1. 本课程图片主要来自《Langman's Medical Embryology》、《Human Embryology》、《The Developing Human》、《组织学与胚胎学（八年制教材，第一版）》、《奈特氏人体胚胎学彩色图谱》、《组织学与胚胎学（英文版）》，部分图片和动画来自网络，为教学需要在此借鉴，对原作者表示感谢。如涉及版权，烦请告知。

2. 尊重老师与同学，不发表暴力文字，与人为善。

3. 不在平台内发布非法、违禁信息。