Hydraulic and pneumatic transmission is a professional basic course in mechanical and near mechanical specialties. It includes two major technologies, hydraulic transmission and pneumatic transmission, involving fluid mechanics, hydraulic components, hydraulic systems, pneumatic components and pneumatic systems. It is a course closely related to theory and practice, basic concepts and practical design. Through this course, students can grasp the theoretical knowledge of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission systems, and have the basic ability of designing hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Therefore, "hydraulic and pneumatic transmission" plays an important role in basic courses of engineering specialty.

1.完成该课程相关内容教学视频的学习；

2.完成相关章节的单元测验题；

3.学习巩固之后，完成期末考试；

4.根据每个单元测验的成绩和期末考试的成绩综合评定该课程成绩。

Students should have the knowledge and skills of mechanical drawing, higher mathematics, theoretical mechanics, material mechanics, interchangeability and measurement technology. It can analyze the relevant knowledge points in fluid mechanics by means of mathematics and mechanics, and can analyze and grasp the structure of the hydraulic components.

一、课程的性质和目标

本课程是机械设计制造及其自动化以及材料成型与控制工程专业的必修课，是该专业一门重要的专业基础课。

The students can acquire the comprehensive knowledge of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission in three aspects.

（通过《液压与气动技术》课程的教学，使学生在三个方面获得知识）： 

1．To obtain the basic knowledge: the operation principle, characters, application and the method of choice for kinds of components of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission system.

（使学生掌握液压与气动的基础知识，掌握各种液压元件的工作原理、特点、应用和选用方法） 

2．Know well functions, buildup of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits and the application areas; know the achievements of advanced hydraulic and pneumatic technology used in the mechanical industries.

（熟悉各类液压基本回路的功能、组成和应用场合，了解国内外先进的液压技术和成果在机械设备中的应用） 

3．Students can be enhanced in apperceiving and acquired the practice ability by the experimental operating by this course

（通过液压传动实验课使学生增强其感性认识，并培养学生实际动手能力） 

Try to let students to acquire theory knowledge from three aspects cultivation mentioned above.

（通过以上三个方面的培养，从而为学生从事液压与气动技术的设计和应用打下理论基础）

二、课程的教学内容及基本要求

 Chapter 1 Introduction to Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission (2 hours)（液压与气压传动概论 2学时） 

[Knowledge points]: the basic operating principle, buildup of the system, the characters of hydraulic and pneumatic, application and development trend.

（知识点：液/气压传动与控制的基本工作原理，系统组成，液/气压传动的特点及应用和发展趋势） 

[Emphasis]: the basic operating principle and buildup of the system in hydraulic and pneumatic transmission.

（重点：液/气压传动与控制的基本工作原理，系统组成） 

[Difficulties]: to grasp the two important characters that obtain fluid transmission.

（难点：实现液压传动两个重要特征的理解） 

1.1 Study on Hydraulic and Pneumatic Pressure Transmission （液压与气压传动的研究内容） 

1.2 Principles of Hydraulics Transmission （液压传动的工作原理） 

1.3 Composing in Hydraulic System （液压传动系统的组成） 

1.4 Features of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission （液压与气压传动的特点） 

1.5 History of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Technology Development and Application （液压与气压传动发展及应用概况） 

Chapter 2 Fundamental Hydraulic Fluid Mechanics (6 hours)（液压流体力学基础 6学时） 

[Knowledge points]: hydrostatics, hydrodynamics, characteristics of fluid flow and pressure features of orifice and clearance in pipeline, hydraulic shock and cavitations.

（知识点：液体静力学、液体动力学、管道中液流的特性、孔口及缝隙的压力流量特性、液压冲击和气穴现象）

[Emphasis]: to grasp material application of the fluid three equations and the pressure-flow rate features flowing through orifice and clearance.

（重点：掌握流体动力学三大方程在液压传动中的具体应用，以及孔口及缝隙流的压力流量特性）

[Difficulties]: to grasp the pressure-flow rate equation for orifice and clearance.

(难点：对孔口及缝隙流的压力－流量特性方程的理解)

2.1 Performances of the Hydraulic Oil （液压油的性质）

2.2 Hydrostatics （液体静力学）

2.3 Hydrodynamics （液体动力学）

2.4 Characteristics of Fluid flow in Pipeline （管道中液流的特性）

2.5 Pressure Features of Orifice （孔口及缝隙的压力流量特性）

2.6 Hydraulic Shock and Cavitation （液压冲击和气穴现象）

Lectures, questions and answers to the homework of chapters 1 and 2 for students in classroom. (Neglect)

Chapter 3 Hydraulic Pumps (4 hours) （液压泵8学时） 

[Knowledge points]: the operating principle and types of hydraulic pumps; the structure features of gear pumps, vane pumps and piston pumps and choose of pumps.

(知识点：液压泵的工作原理和类型，各种柱塞泵、叶片泵和齿轮泵的结构特点及工作原理，液压泵选用)

[Emphasis]: The principle and feature of variable pumps.

（重点：变量泵结构特点及工作原理。） 

[Difficulties]: to grasp the features and variable method of the constant power pumps.

（难点：恒功率变量泵的结构特点及变量原理） 

3.1 Introduction （液压泵概述） 

3.2 Piston Pumps （柱塞泵） 

3.3 Vane Pumps （叶片泵） 

3.4 Gear Pumps （齿轮泵） 

[Experiment] : Performance testing of hydraulic pumps (1hours)（齿轮泵的性能试验1学时）

Chapter 4  Hydraulic Actuators (7hours)（液压执行元件 7学时） 

[Knowledge points]: Grasp the structure features kinds of hydraulic motors and cylinders.

(知识点：液压执行元件的工作原理、特点和类型；各种液压马达、液压缸的结构特点和工作原理及设计计算)

[Emphasis]: to grasp the principle of power transmission for motors and hydraulic actuators.

(重点：掌握和区别液压马达和液压缸实现能量转换的原理)

[Difficulties]: the structure features of typical hydraulic motor and cylinder, and the design method.

(难点：掌握典型的液压马达和液压缸的结构特点和结构设计)

4.1 Hydraulic Motors （液压马达） 

4.2 Cylinders （液压缸） 

Homework: pp.351 Chapter 4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6.

Chapter 5 Hydraulic Control Valves (9hours) （液压控制阀 9学时） 

[Knowledge points]: the basic operating principle, structure features and types of hydraulic valves，such as pressure valves, flow valves and directional valves.

（知识点：各种方向液压阀：控制阀、压力控制阀、流量控制阀、插装阀、叠加阀和电液比例阀的结构特点和工作原理）

[Emphasis]: distinguish the difference in on-off valve, manifold valves and cartridge valves, electro-hydraulic proportional valves, electro-hydraulic servo valves and electro-hydraulic digital valves.

（重点：区别一般开关式控制阀与插装阀、叠加阀和电液比例阀的结构和工作原理上的差别） 

[Difficulties]: differentiate and analysis the operating principle that realize the pressure, flow rate and directional control.

（难点：区别和分析实现压力、流量和方向控制的控制的工作原理） 

5.1 Introduction （液压阀概述） 

5.2 The Directional Control Valves （方向控制阀） 

Homework: pp.352 Chapter 5, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 4-4.

5.3 Pressure Operated Valves （压力控制阀） 

Homework: pp.353 Chapter 5, 5-5, 5-6, 5-7, 4-8.

5.4 Flow Control Valves （流量控制阀） 

5.5 Manifold Valves and Cartridge Valves （叠加阀和插装阀） 

5.6 Electro-Hydraulic Servo Valves （电液伺服阀） 

5.7 Electro-Hydraulic Proportional Valves （电液比例阀） 

5.8 Electro-Hydraulic Digital Valves （电液数字阀） 

Homework: pp.353 Chapter 5, 5-10, 5-11, 5-12.

Chapter 6 Auxiliary Components for Hydraulic Systems (2 hours)（液压辅件, 2学时)

[Knowledge points]: the types of auxiliary components for hydraulic systems.

（知识点：液压辅助元件的类型，蓄能器、过滤器、油箱、管件、密封装置的基本结构、工作原理和特点） 

[Emphasis]: grasp the types and operating principle of auxiliary components for hydraulic systems, such as accumulators, filters, seals and sealing devices.

（重点：掌握液压辅助元件的类型及工作原理。重点掌握典型的蓄能器、过滤器和密封装置的基本结构、工作原理和特点） 

[Difficulties]: typical structure and application areas for accumulators, filters, reservoir, piping/tubing and connectors and seals and sealing devices.

（难点：典型的蓄能器、过滤器、油箱、管件、密封装置的基本结构、特点及应用场合） 

6.1 Accumulators （蓄能器） 

6.2 Filters（过滤器） 

6.3 Reservoir（油箱） 

6.4 Piping/Tubing and Connectors（管件） 

6.5 Seals and Sealing Devices （密封装置） 

Homework: pp.353 Chapter 6, 6-1, 6-2.

Answer to problems-2 (1hours) 答疑（1学时）

Chapter 7 Basic Hydraulic Circuits (8hours) （液压基本回路8学时)） 

[Knowledge points]: the basic characters for hydraulic circuits and types; the operating principle and features for pressure control circuits, speed control circuits and directional control circuits.

（知识点：液压基本回路的基本性质、类型及特点，各类压力控制回路、速度控制、回路（一）调速回路、速度控制回路（二）快速和速度换接回路、方向控制回路、多执行元件控制回路的工作原理及特点） 

[Emphasis]: comprehend the operating principle for three hydraulic circuits: pressure control, flow rate control and directional control circuits.

（重点：掌握和理解实现各类典型的压力控制回路、速度控制回路、方向控制回路、多执行元件控制回路的工作原理及特点） 

[Difficulties]: understand for typical operating principle and features for kinds of basic control circuits realizing.

（难点：各类典型基本控制回路的实现及工作原理和特点；各元件在基本回路中的作用） 

7.1 Pressure Control Circuitries （压力控制回路） 

7.2 Speed Control Circuits （速度控制回路） 

7.3 Directional Control Circuitry （方向控制回路） 

7.4 Circuits of Control Two Actuators （多执行元件控制回路） 

Homework: pp.354 Chapter 7, 7-4, 7-5, 7-6.

Experiment 3. Circuits experimental of hydraulic （puemantic）basic circuits 2hours （液压(气动)基本回路试验 2学时） 

Chapter 8 Examples of Hydraulic Systems (6 hours)（典型液压系统 6学时） 

[Knowledge points]: introduction of 4 kinds of typical hydraulic system that are used in industry, power-slipway for combined machine tools, YA32-200 type four column universal press machine, hydraulic system for plastic injection molding machine and hydraulic system of manipulator.

（知识点：介绍外圆磨床液压系统、压力机液压系统、塑料注射成型机液压系统、和机械手液压系统的特点及工作原理） 

[Emphasis]: to grasp the operating principle of typical hydraulic system in industry, such as power-slipway for combined machine tools, YA32-200 type four column universal press machine, hydraulic system for plastic injection moulding machine and hydraulic system of manipulator.

（重点：掌握典型工业中应用的液压系统：压力机液压系统、塑料注射成型机液压系统和机械手液压系统的特点及工作原理） 

[Difficulties]: understand for the composing, principle and features kinds of typical control circuits realizing. the application of components in the system.

（难点：各类典型液压系统的组成、特点和动作原理；系统中各元件的作用） 

8.1 Hydraulic System of Power-Slipway for Combined Machine Tools （组合机床动力滑台液压系统） 

8.2 Hydraulic System for Plastic Injection Moulding Machine （塑料注射成型机液压系统）

8.3 Hydraulic System of YA32-200 Type Four Column Universal Press Machine（YA32－200型四柱万能液压机液压系统） 

8.4 Hydraulic System of Manipulator （机械手液压系统） 

Homework: pp.358 Chapter 8, 8-1.

三、学时分配

推荐教材：

1.《液压与气压传动双语》陈淑梅主编；机械工业出版社，2007年10月。

2.《液压与气压传动》第二版；姜继海，宋锦春 高常识主编；高等教育出版社，2009年5月。

主要参考资料：

1.《液压与气压传动》（英文版）陈奎生主编，武汉理工大学出版社，2004年11月。

2.《液压与气压传动》第二版；华中科技大学 许福玲，陈尧明主编；机械工业出版社，2007年5月。

3.《液压与气压传动》（第２版），王积伟，章宏甲，黄谊主编，机械工业出版社，2005年6月。