作物育种学(双语)
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spContent=国以农为本,农以种为先。我国杂交水稻育种享誉全球,始于自然变异产生的野败型水稻不育系发现与利用。那么,变异是如何产生呢?如何选择优良基因型?让我们带着这份好奇,一起走进作物育种学,去知晓作物人工进化“变异、遗传和选择”的奥秘。The country is based on agriculture, taking seeds as first. Rice hybrids in China are well-known in the world due to the discovery and utilization of male sterile lines based on natural variation. Then, how to create variation, how to select elite genotypes? Let's learn the course of Principles of Crop Breeding together, illustrating the secrets of this course using three key words "variation, heredity, and selection" involved in crop artificial evolution.
—— 课程团队
课程概述

        《作物育种学(双语)》是研究选育和繁殖作物优良品种的理论与方法的科学。该课程2020年被确定为福建省精品“在线开放课程”和福建省精品“线上线下混合式一流本科课程”(闽教高〔2020〕23号)。

       主要围绕育种目标、种质资源、育种方法、品种审定与繁殖、育种实验技术等内容进行讲解。始终围绕作物人工进化三个关键词“变异-遗传-选择”进行讲解,重点讲授育种方法,如基于自然变异的育种方法(引种和选择育种)、基于有性杂交的育种方法(杂交育种、回交育种、远缘杂交育种、杂种优势利用、轮回选择和群体改良)、基于人工诱变的育种方法(诱变育种和倍性育种)以及基于生物技术的育种方法(细胞工程育种、分子标记辅助育种、基因组选择育种、转基因育种和基因组编辑育种)。总的来说,作物育种方法呈现了从常规育种到常规育种与分子育种相结合、从经验育种到精准育种的发展趋势。集中体现在新品种选育。

        同时,以水稻等和我校特色作物(甘蔗、麻类、薯类等)为对象,围绕这些特色作物的育种概况、具体育种目标、特异种质资源和品种选育技术进行讲解,突出经典品种选育的案例分析。

       《作物育种学》作为一门理论基础与生产应用紧密结合的综合性课程,双语教学过程中注重“三结合”,即教学与科研相结合,遗传与育种相结合,中文与英语相结合。让我们一起汲取传统育种和智慧农业的精华,加强基础应用研究,创新育种理论与方法。

      Principles of Crop Breeding is a science to study the theory and methods of breeding and breed elite varieties of crops. We mainly teach crop breeding principles, including breeding objectives, germplasm resources, breeding methods, variety approval and production, breeding experimental methods, etc. We always illustrate this course using the three key words "variation, heredity, and selection" involved in crop artificial evolution. Among these teaching contents, we focus on breeding methods. Some breeding methods are based on natural variation, such as introduction breeding and selection breeding. Some breeding methods are based on sexual hybridization, such as cross breeding, backcross breeding, wide-cross breeding, heterosis utilization, recurrent selection and population improvement. Some breeding methods are based on artificial mutation, such as mutation breeding and ploidy breeding. And other breeding methods are based on biotechnology, such as cell engineering breeding, molecular marker assisted breeding, genome selection breeding, transgenic breeding and genome editing breeding. In general, crop breeding methods will be developed from conventional breeding to molecular breeding combined with conventional breeding, from experience breeding to precision breeding, reflecting breeding new variety.

       In addition, we simply teach breeding of rice and specific crops, including sugarcane breeding, breeding of bast fibre crops, breeding of potato and sweet-potato, which are featured crops in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.We highlight the breeding overview, breeding objectives, germplasm resources, and breeding methods of varieties for these specific crops. Case analysis of the breeding methods of classic varieties will be illustrated. 

      Principles of Crop Breeding is a comprehensive course combining theoretical basis with application practice. In the process of bilingual teaching, "Three Combinations" should be emphasized, that is, the combination of teaching and research, the combination of genetics and breeding, the combination of teaching using Chinese and English. Let's learn the essence of traditional breeding and intelligent agriculture together, strengthen the basic application researches, innovate the theory and methods of breeding.


 线上答疑:周一~周四晚19:00-20:30 讨论区、课程邮箱回复。

授课目标

通过循序渐进地开展教学,达成如下“懂育种、能育种、爱育种”课程目标,具体包括:

1. 了解作物育种学的历史、任务和发展趋势,掌握作物育种学的基本理论知识;

2. 掌握选育及繁育农作物优良品种的理论和方法,如基因组育种、基因编辑育种等;

3. 能够应用作物育种学基本知识进行科学研究、品种选育与繁殖;

4. 了解作物育种的最新动态和发展前沿,能够利用育种学知识提出实现育种新目标的方法和技术;

5. 能够在生产实践中灵活运用作物育种学知识解决具体问题。 

课程学习目标由各课程单元、课程活动支撑。


课程大纲
预备知识

1. 农学基础知识,面向所有对本课程感兴趣的学习者。 

2. 相关课程学习链接

农学概论:https://www.icourse163.org/course/FAFU-1205678804

耕作学:https://www.icourse163.org/course/FAFU-1002764008

生态学:https://www.icourse163.org/course/FAFU-1001812006 

农业气象学:https://www.icourse163.org/course/FAFU-1003458003

作物育种学:https://www.icourse163.org/course/HZAU-1206646804

3. 为保证课程学习,您需要保证顺畅的网络连接,掌握基本的办公软件应用能力(比如视频播放和下载、文档下载、使用电子邮件、创建和提交文档、下载和安装软件等),平台的功能设置非常人性化,相信您一定能很快熟悉这些应用。




证书要求

为积极响应国家低碳环保政策, 2021年秋季学期开始,中国大学MOOC平台将取消纸质版的认证证书,仅提供电子版的认证证书服务,证书申请方式和流程不变。

 

电子版认证证书支持查询验证,可通过扫描证书上的二维码进行有效性查询,或者访问 https://www.icourse163.org/verify,通过证书编号进行查询。学生可在“个人中心-证书-查看证书”页面自行下载、打印电子版认证证书。

 

完成课程教学内容学习和考核,成绩达到课程考核标准的学生(每门课程的考核标准不同,详见课程内的评分标准),具备申请认证证书资格,可在证书申请开放期间(以申请页面显示的时间为准),完成在线付费申请。

 

认证证书申请注意事项:

1. 根据国家相关法律法规要求,认证证书申请时要求进行实名认证,请保证所提交的实名认证信息真实完整有效。

2. 完成实名认证并支付后,系统将自动生成并发送电子版认证证书。电子版认证证书生成后不支持退费。


参考资料

  1. 张天真,《作物育种学总论》,中国农业出版社,2022.6,第四版

  2. Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding (George Acquaah, Blackwell, 2007)

  3. 杨光圣、员海燕, 《作物育种原理》,科学出版社,2009.8,第一版

  4. An Introduction to Plant Breeding (Jack Brown and Peter Caligari, Blackwell, 2006)

常见问题

Q本课程何时更新?

A本课程每周一更新,按课程计划发布5个左右知识点的学习资料。

 

Q:本课程是否提供课程讲义?

A:为便于同学们更好地学习,我们向大家提供完整的课程讲义(每周与视频同时发布,且可下载)。也请同学们尊重本课程团队的知识版权,讲义不得用于学习以外的其他目的。


Q:本课程教学团队联系方式?

A:在课程讨论区留言,教学团队成员会及时给您回复课程邮箱plantgb@126.com本课程的主要用途是服务教学,制作过程中,部分素材来源于网络,若标注不完全,请及时联系告知

 

Q:如何才能获得本课程的证书?

A:学习在线视频,积极参与课程讨论,并在规定时间内完成自测及期末考核;综合成绩达到60分至84分者可申请获得合格证书,达到85分及以上者可申请获得优秀证书。如需获得认证证书,请在课程结束后的按平台规定提出申请。